Maritime shipping is the backbone of global trade, handling over 80% of international cargo. However, inefficiencies, regulatory hurdles, and operational oversights can lead to costly delays and disruptions. Below are the top maritime shipping mistakes and how to avoid them.
1. Inaccurate or Incomplete Documentation
- Missing or incorrect bills of lading (B/L), commercial invoices, or packing lists.
- Failing to provide HS codes, proper cargo descriptions, or customs paperwork.
- Result: Delays, fines, or cargo seizure.
2. Poor Container Packing & Weight Distribution
- Overloading containers beyond weight limits (check SOLAS VGM requirements).
- Unbalanced cargo leading to container damage or vessel instability.
- Result: Extra fees, accidents, or rejected shipments.
3. Ignoring Incoterms® Rules
- Misunderstanding responsibilities (e.g., FOB vs. CIF—who pays for freight, insurance, or risk transfer?).
- Result: Unexpected costs or liability for cargo damage.
4. Not Considering Transit Times & Schedules
- Assuming fixed schedules (weather, port congestion, and blank sailings cause delays).
- Missing cargo cutoff times for bookings.
- Result: Supply chain disruptions.
5. Choosing the Wrong Shipping Service
- Selecting LCL (Less than Container Load) for large shipments (FCL may be cheaper).
- Not comparing carrier reliability, transit times, and costs.
- Result: Higher costs or longer delays.
6. Neglecting Cargo Insurance
- Assuming the carrier covers all damages (liability is limited by Hague-Visby Rules).
- Not insuring high-value or perishable goods.
- Result: Financial loss from damage or theft.
7. Overlooking Port & Customs Regulations
- Not checking restricted items (e.g., hazardous materials, embargoed goods).
- Failing to comply with ISF (Importer Security Filing) for US imports.
- Result: Fines, confiscation, or shipment refusal.
8. Failing to Track Shipments
- Not using container tracking systems (AIS, carrier updates).
- Result: Inability to anticipate delays or reroute shipments.
9. Not Planning for Demurrage & Detention Charges
- Late return of containers or failing to clear cargo on time.
- Result: High fees from shipping lines.
10. Ignoring Peak Season Surcharges
- Not accounting for higher rates during holidays (Chinese New Year, Christmas).
- Result: Unexpected cost spikes.
11. Poor Communication with Partners
- Not coordinating with freight forwarders, customs brokers, or consignees.
- Result: Misaligned expectations and delays.
12. Not Having a Contingency Plan
- No backup for port strikes, wars (e.g., Red Sea diversions), or natural disasters.
- Result: Severe supply chain disruptions.
Key Takeaways:
✔ Double-check documentation (B/L, customs forms).
✔ Pack & weigh cargo correctly (avoid overloading).
✔ Understand Incoterms® to allocate risks properly.
✔ Insure shipments for full protection.
✔ Track shipments and plan for delays.
✔ Work with reliable partners (freight forwarders, carriers).
By avoiding these mistakes, businesses can ensure smoother, cost-effective ocean freight operations.